I am a little early at Congress House waiting for tonight’s seminar by one of the authors of “The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better”. Checking my netbook I see that I still have my note from the Royal Society of the Arts (RSA) debate last year which I haven’t got around to posting. So at the risk of confusing things I might as well post it now – it will remind me of the issues. I’ll post on tonight soon (and not leave it 6 months this time)
RSA CEO Matthew Taylor chaired the lunchtime meeting. He remarked that he had never seen the lecture theatre so packed. The debate was between Peter Saunders and Christopher Snowden (Spirit Level Deniers) and the authors of “The Spirit Level” - Kate Pickett and Richard Wilkinson.
Christopher Snowden spoke first and claimed “The Spirit Level” was a delusion. The charts used actually do not show any link between “happiness” and inequality. People “happy” from greater income. But "happy" is only one indicator. No significantly significant coloration. No significant evidence that inequality in itself causes ill-health and not income or other factors. One exception is over life expectancy and inequality. But the evidence is that there is no direct link between inequality and life expectancy.
The authors are selective about which countries used to compare so not to spoil their argument. Portugal, not mentioned. Japan may have little obesity but this is due to Asian culture rather than greater equality.
For Peter Saunders the problem is the use of statistical “outliers”. For example “income inequality and homicide”. Need in statistics to take out the USA which is an “outlier”. There is a reliance on such exceptions. USA on high child obesity and Japan with its high life expectancy. Take Japan out (greater life expectancy due to eating more oily fish rather than equality) and the arguments fail. As a Professor of Statistics he would have failed his student’s papers if they used these arguments.
Teenage births rates are the same. There are differences due to historic and sociological reasons - nothing to do with inequality. Look at third variable? Look not only at inequality but look at the link between homicide and African Americans. Ethnicity predicts homicide twice as much as inequality. This is the same for infant mortality. 18 times more likely to predict infant mortality as income inequality. He is upset at being accused of a racist slur.
Richard Wilkinson then spoke and defended their use of statistics. They didn’t use the most dramatic statistics. They did not self select and used respected and independent World Bank statistics on the 50 richest countries. Their results are based on the data. Poor health increases with stress. It is implausible that chronic stress does not cause worse health. The suggestion to remove black Afro-Americans from data is like removing manual workers in the UK.
Final speaker was Kate Pickett. All the research had been peer reviewed and responses published online. She claimed that her opponents had misquoted her and that she would fail any of her students who misquoted facts. White homicide rates in America, in the south and the north, are still associated with inequality.
Next was Q&A panel. I asked Kate and Richard whether there is a link with greater inequality in USA when compared to Scandinavian and levels of trade union density. Which Matthew Taylor asked me did I mean that if you joined the GMB you would live 5 years longer? I pointed out that I was a UNISON member. The answer was that they had not researched this point yet.
You can read more and download an audio file of the event here. I’ll post a picture from the July event when I get home. UPDATE: done. The good guys obviously are on the left :) Buy the book here
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Showing posts with label The Spirit Level. Show all posts
Showing posts with label The Spirit Level. Show all posts
Monday, January 17, 2011
Thursday, November 4, 2010
The Sixth Estate - "Unions are the unsung heroes of the credit crunch"
Guest post by Dan McCurry. "During the tense two years following the Credit Crunch, widespread predictions of civil disorder were both highly credible and seemingly inevitable, but no winter of discontent nor summer of strife came to pass. Yet, the people whose efforts successfully averted this destructive course have gone unrecognised and unappreciated. That’s a great shame and it should be rectified.When the Lindsey Oil Refinery workers burst into spontaneous anger and destruction, the fire was quenched by the Unions who went in and established a dialogue between Management and Workers. They kept the refinery working and left the media to look elsewhere for their story.
This was one of a number of flashpoints across the country. The predicted civil disorder was never given a chance to take root. In each flashpoint it was the unions who calmed the tension and kept production lines working. Those sections of industry with established unions saw workers agreeing to defer wages, take unpaid leaves, and operate on reduced working weeks to keep their industry afloat. The unions are the unsung heroes of the Credit Crunch, not the despotic opportunists of 40 years ago.
So when we see the Labour leader attacked for having the support of these trade unions, this attack is not based on the modern reality of the unions, but on a historic fantasy of the right-wing press. This is no longer the 1970s, the age of confrontation is over and we’ll never go back there.
Rather than allowing the right-wing press to accuse Labour of being too close to a 1970’s image, we should be setting the agenda by claiming credit for role played by our union friends. But instead we allowed the media to set the agenda and turned a positive into a negative in terms of our future electability.
Although BA has been embarrassing in the apparent inability of the two sides to settle, it seems to me that the Credit Crunch demonstrated that the Unions are a modern, economic-savvy institution. Rather than wanting to abolish Managers as an enemy, they want to support them as the providers of jobs for workers while arguing for the skilled get a fair price for their labours and for the low-paid to be pulled out of poverty and be given a chance to thrive in their working lives.
These are worthy goals, but they are blurry goals to a movement that has never fully recovered from 1983. Although the unions have done everything right by ending confrontation, they have never quite figured out what their new role should be, and so have never quite been able to see themselves, or the employees they represent, as the Sixth Estate.
It seems to me that the confusion is to do with the reduction in union powers during the Thatcher era. Whenever the unions call for their powers to be returned the discussion gets bogged down in the power to strike. However, it’s not the right to strike that hampers the unions, but the right to be recognised that truly damages them in the modern age.
If a single worker wishes to have a union rep advocate her pay round to her employer, why should this be illegal. Why should she have to get 50% of the workforce to also join the union and then ballet them? Yet this is the law of union recognition as it stands.
Everyone else in our society has a right to an advocate. The accused before a court of law, the resident before a planning committee, the prime minister himself has the greatest advocates in the world in the form of our Foreign Office. What is it about being an employee that makes it illegal to have someone more articulate and knowledgeable speak on her behalf?
Like many people I was deeply affected by The Spirit Level. Previously I believed that some inequality was necessary for ambition to thrive and the economy to advance and that this would benefit all, including those at the bottom. But this book provided a scientific argument that the well-being and contentment of society as a whole is severely affected by inequality. Even the well-off suffer greater mental health issues in an unequal society.
So to create a more equal society, where do we start? Bashing bankers has had no effect on achieving greater equality; it’s also become a bit boring. If anyone has a tangible policy proposal that would be likely to bring down the pay at the very top, then it would be most appreciated. But until such an idea comes forth, I suggest we concentrate on relieving poverty in order to create fairness, and although I don’t have all the answers, I do know where we could make a start.
Under the Blair government we addressed the issue of low pay by using the tax and benefit system to subsidise wages. Resource allocation is not served well by the distorting effect of taxing companies in order to subsidise wages. This was never the perfect solution to low-pay; it was only adopted for lack of a better answer. It would be much better to see a rise in real wages and use the money saved to lower the tax burden on the companies in order that the wage rise does not reduce productivity. The question is how to increase the real wage?
If unions were allowed to advocate on behalf of workers regardless of whether this is a small percentage of the workforce, or even a single worker, then the union rep, with nothing more than a single friendly phone call would be able to achieve a better deal for those members. Either that or the company is not viable and the employees might be best advised to look elsewhere for a wage..
This is the distinction between trade unionism of the past and that of the future. The age of mass membership combined with confrontation as a negotiating tactic has little place in modern society. But the age of advocacy on behalf of individuals with a view of achieving a fair outcome for all is something we see across society and across industry. It’s a different way for unions to work, but a way of working that they would probably have adopted anyway, had it not been for these outdated laws of union representation.
If employees were allowed a union advocate then wages would rise to their right and correct level. This would increase union membership and help to raise wages on a wider base. Wages not represented by a union would likely rise in sympathy. The state would then have no need to tax firms in order to pay wage benefits and the employees would have greater confidence and commitment to the firm that pays their wages, rather than the state that pays their benefits.
This would be one small step towards creating a more equal society, but it would also be a large step toward creating a more productive workforce, not just in the form of the “invisible hand” but also in the spirit level of the employees who get to be rewarded rather than subsidised for their labour."
The Spirit Level Discussion with Kate Pickett (co-author) 17 Jan 2011
From SERTUC "Spirit Level: Why Equality is Better for Everyone (Richard Wilkinson & Kate Pickett)
This book is an attack on the inequalities in Britain caused by the Government policies of the last 30 years. An accessible but rigorous book that demonstrates with empirical evidence that more equal societies have
better outcomes. Such as less crime, ill-health and general unhappiness.
This is a very important book in the opposition to cuts in public spending in the financial crisis
SERTUC and Bookmarks present:
The Spirit Level Discussion with Kate Pickett (co-author)
Monday 17 January 2011 (6 - 8.30pm)
Location: Congress House, Great Russell Street, London WC1B
Booking essential: sertucevents@tuc.org.uk 020 7467 1220
The Spirit Level - discount price available from: Monday 1 November – Monday 17 January 2011
enquiries@bookmarks.uk.com / 020 7637 1848 Bookmarks Special Offer was £9.99 now £8".
(I must belatedly post on a very good debate organised by the RSA a few months back between the authors and "Spirit Level deniers")
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